Scanning Lexicon.

Small squares within a QR code (excluding Version 1) that help the scanner identify and correct for perspective distortion and non-linear movement.

A QR encoding mode that stores numbers 0-9, upper case letters A-Z, and nine symbols. It is more space-efficient than Byte mode for standard text.

A type of 2D barcode that resembles a QR code but uses a single central finder pattern rather than three in the corners. Often used in transport tickets.

An error correction code used specifically in the format and version information sections of a QR code to ensure basic structural data is readable.

The most versatile QR encoding mode, allowing for any 8-bit character (ISO-8859-1). Ideal for URLs and complex data strings.

A QR code that encodes a redirect URL, allowing the destination to be changed after the code is printed and providing scan analytics.

The amount of mathematical redundancy added to the code (L, M, Q, H). Higher levels allow for more damage resistance but result in larger code sizes.

The three large squares in the corners of a QR code that allow the scanner to detect the orientation and position of the code.

The 15 bits of data distributed around the finder patterns that tell the scanner the error correction level and the mask pattern used.

A global standard for using QR codes to bridge standard product barcodes (EAN/UPC) with consumers' mobile devices.

A specialized QR encoding mode designed specifically for Japanese Shift JIS characters, allowing for high-density storage of Japanese text.

A mathematical transformation applied to the QR modules to prevent large blocks of identical colors, ensuring better scan reliability.

The fundamental black or white squares that make up a QR code. The arrangement of these modules encodes the actual data.

The QR scanning software built directly into a smartphone's camera app, requiring no third-party downloads.

The most efficient QR encoding mode, used only for strings consisting solely of digits 0-9.

The process by which a scanner's software adjusts for the angle at which a QR code is being held, flattening the image for easier reading.

A mandatory blank border surrounding the QR code, usually 4 modules wide, that helps the scanner identify the start and end of the code.

A portmanteau of 'QR' and 'Phishing.' A cyberattack where users are tricked into scanning a malicious QR code that leads to a fake website.

The mathematical algorithm used to generate parity data for a QR code, allowing it to remain readable even if portions are missing.

A condensed web address used in Dynamic QR codes to reduce module density and allow for tracking and redirection.

A QR code where the data is encoded directly into the pattern and cannot be changed after the code is generated.

The horizontal and vertical dotted lines connecting the finder patterns, used by the scanner to determine the size of the module grid.

A file format standard for electronic business cards. QR codes can encode vCard data for instant contact syncing.

The size classification of a QR code, ranging from Version 1 (21x21 modules) to Version 40 (177x177 modules).

A standard string format (WIFI:S:;T:;P:;;) used to automate the connection to a wireless network via a single scan.

An Advanced Encryption Standard with a 256-bit key used to secure QR payloads for offline authentication and medical data privacy.

The digital image processing stage where a scanner converts a colorful or grayscale image into a high-contrast black-and-white grid for decoding.

The difference in luminance between the dark modules and light background. A high ratio is required for reliable sensor detection in low-light environments.

A square two-dimensional barcode often used for marking small electronic components. It lacks the large finder patterns of a QR code, allowing for smaller physical footprints.

The phenomena in industrial printing where ink spreads or 'bleeds' into the substrate, potentially blurring the edges of QR modules if not compensated for in the design.

Redundant data generated using Reed-Solomon algorithms that allow a QR code to remain functional even if a significant percentage of its surface is damaged.

The mathematical field used in QR error correction to perform algebraic operations on 8-bit bytes without overflow, enabling complex parity calculations.

A unique identifier used in supply chains. When embedded in a GS1 Digital Link QR code, it enables both legacy 1D scanning and modern consumer interaction.

Standards for ensuring that QR codes used in clinical environments do not store plaintext Personal Health Information (PHI) in accordance with US privacy law.

A multicolored 2D barcode standard that uses the 'color dimension' to store significantly more data than binary (black/white) QR codes.

A smaller variant of the standard QR code that uses only a single finder pattern. It is designed for applications with extremely limited physical space.

The modern standard for QR codes, which introduced alignment patterns to allow for larger data densities and more robust perspective correction.

A technical compensation technique where the digital modules are slightly reduced in size to account for the physical dot gain that occurs during high-speed printing.

A portmanteau of physical and digital. Elements like QR codes that act as a bridge between tangible objects and the internet of things (IoT).

The mathematical curve representing the data in a QR code. Extra points on this curve act as parity bytes for error reconstruction.

A security metric used to track how quickly a QR code is being scanned across different locations, used to detect malicious replication or quishing attacks.

Bright spots caused by light reflecting off glossy surfaces. This can 'blind' camera sensors, making QR codes printed on plastic or metal difficult to read.

An XML-based vector image format. SVG QR codes maintain mathematical precision at any scale, unlike pixel-based PNG or JPG formats.

Physical security features applied to printed QR codes that make it obvious if a malicious overlay sticker has been applied to the legitimate code.

An encryption protocol that causes a QR code used for authentication to expire after a short period, preventing replay attacks.

The process of converting complex characters in a web address into a format that can be reliably synthesized into a QR matrix.

Tags added to a URL within a QR code that allow marketers to track exactly which physical asset led to a digital conversion in analytics platforms.

The latest standard for electronic business cards, supported by most modern QR scanners for high-fidelity contact exchange.

An industrial printing method where every item on a production line can have a unique, serialized QR code printed in real-time.

Web Content Accessibility Guidelines applied to QR design, requiring specific contrast ratios to ensure codes are readable by users with visual impairments.

The width of the smallest module in a QR code. It is the primary metric used in industrial printing to determine scanner compatibility.

A QR code used as the origin (0,0,0) of a persistent coordinate system for augmented reality overlays and spatial computing.

Extra bytes of data generated algebraically that allow a scanner to 'infer' the missing parts of a damaged QR code using polynomial division.

The mathematical balance of finder and alignment patterns that allows a sensor to calculate the three-dimensional tilt of a QR code.